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Tag: Planning

Prints, Processes, and Pitfalls: More Than Just Process Design!

I was recently planning the logistics of an upcoming client workshop. I needed 12 copies of a document printed and spiral bound, and I visited the website of a printing company that we’ve used many times before for such tasks. The website had changed, and unfortunately I couldn’t complete the order.  For some reason the website was saying it couldn’t deliver to my address.

 

I’m pretty sure I know why this is.  I live in Portsmouth, on the South Coast of the UK, and to the uninitiated, some Portsmouth postal codes look similar to postal codes used on the Isle of Wight. I suspect some courier firms don’t deliver to the Isle of Wight (or charge extra as it’s an island with no roads connecting it to the mainland). This leads to some online sites (incorrectly) lumping some or all of the post codes together and tag them as an ‘exception’.  This is really, really, bad design, but it definitely happens.

I was trying to place the order on a weekend, so I waited until Monday and went to contact the company by phone. I tried to phone shortly after 9, and then again at 9.30, and then again at 9.45. No reply.  So, even though I’d used this company many times in the past, I just moved on to another supplier. And in fact, I’ll probably use this new supplier in the future, too. So the original printing supplier has lost a customer and it doesn’t even know that. Plus, it missed the opportunity to get feedback about the defect on their website… I wonder how many other cities/postal codes are affected? How many other sales are being routinely lost?

 

Considering The Customer’s Pivotal Moments In Process Design

As a business analyst, this experience made me think about process and operational design. While the example above was an example of bad design, it is impossible to design an IT system, interface or process that truly caters for every situation, nor (in most situations) would you usually want to. Sure, some call centers might have a process which defines the detailed steps to take if the President of the United States calls from a satellite phone while onboard Air Force One and asks for a message to be passed urgently to the CEO… but not many!

The point here is that there will be certain types of situations that are:

 

  • Predictable, but very unlikely and/or uniquely complicated
  • Difficult (or impossible) to predict, with unknown levels of likelihood or complexity
  • Unintended, where with the best will in the world (and lots of testing) still something unexpected has happened which has led to an unintended consequence

 

The first set (predictable) are deliberately not fully catered for by a process as they are either so unlikely that spending time specifying them is overkill, or they are so uniquely complicated that anything beyond broad guidelines can’t be issued. I’d imagine that large companies have a “respond to media request” process which ensures that any inquiry from a TV station or newspaper gets to the right person. The broad process will be structured, and the response will likely be logged in a consistent way. However, how the response is formulated is probably somewhat variable, and more likely subject to guidelines and principles than a strict process. Responding to a request for a photo of the CEO to accompany a “top 10 CEOs” article is likely to be somewhat different to responding to notification that a documentary will be airing showing evidence of corruption within the company!

 

The second set of (difficult or impossible to predict) conditions can’t be catered for as they are unknown, or the effort of trying to predict them is so great that it is prohibitive.  The final set (unintended consequences) are, by their nature, unpredicted! The key here is to find them when they occur and rectify not just the individual case, but the root causes. Taking my printing example, had I got through to the first printing company, I suspect they’d have quoted me via phone and manually processed the order. Great—except the website is still faulty and swathes of other customers might be affected. Understanding what needs to change to prevent the issue happening again is key.

 

So, what aspects can be considered when designing customer journeys, IT systems and/or processes to cater for these types of situations?

 

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Flexibility, Feedback and Responsiveness are Key Factors

Assuming an organization wants to handle these types of cases, it’s key to design processes with feedback mechanisms built in. Feedback should of course include opportunities for customer or user feedback, but it can also include feedback generated by the process itself.

Take the printing company example I mentioned earlier. As a nationwide printing firm, they are almost certainly finding that there’s been a minor drop in Sales (Portsmouth is a relatively big city, but probably not big enough that the drop in printing sales would ring any warning bells) and the distribution of where they are sending parcels has changed. A curious analyst diving into the data might say “hmmm, it’s odd, there are entire cities where we are no longer sending parcels… maybe we should look into that”.  Making sure diagnostic data is captured and examined is important, and this is so much more than just performance data.

It’s also important to ensure there’s a viable support option and, yes, this does usually mean ensuring someone can speak to (or communicate somehow with) a human being when they need to! That support person or team needs to have sufficient autonomy and be empowered to raise issues for investigation. A team that just “raises tickets” and passes them on to others is unlikely to cut it.

 

Finally, it’s important to note that processes will need to change and this should be expected. Building in responsiveness to the environment is important. Expectations will change, the way people communicate will change and so forth. By designing processes with this in mind, and ensuring they are owned, reviewed and adapted when needed, is a small but important step towards agility.  As BAs, we can often nudge towards this way of thinking, and every step in the right direction is a good thing!

 

 

An End and a Beginning: A Practical Application of Business Analysis Techniques

Business analysis is not just an IT-related profession; it is a profession that has expression in every facet of life, and hence one of the reasons why you should take pride in this profession if you are a business analyst or why you should aspire to be one.

The tools and techniques are transferable skills that have applications or expressions in other aspects of life.

I briefly discuss two as the curtains close in 2023.

  1. Lessons learnt
  2. MoSCoW

Have you taken time to reflect on 2023 and list out the lessons learned? Making use of this powerful BA technique is one of the ways you can identify what went well in 2023, what didn’t go well, where you made mistakes, and what you can put in place to avoid those mistakes in 2024.

Note that this does not only apply to the current year or next year; rather, it is a set of business analysis techniques that can be applied to different seasons and phases of life.

  1. Lessons learnt

What went well?

A1: Why did it go well?

B: What didn’t go well?

B1: Why did it not go well?

C: What mistakes did I make?

D: What can I do to rectify or avoid the mistake in the future?

E: What are my achievements?

F: What lessons have I learned?

 

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2. MoSCoW

Based on your analysis above and the lessons learned, you can draw up your plan for the future (the next phase).

A: What must be done?

B: What should be done?

C: What COULD be done

D: What won’t be done

This can also be seen as a positive thing to do in the new year and a negative thing to avoid.

While new year resolutions may be difficult for some, using the above BA skills should help you plan your coming year with hopefully less pressure.

Concluding Remarks

As a phase comes to an end and you look forward to a new beginning, take time to consider these business analysis techniques, take time to reflect on the lessons learned, and plan the MoSCow for the future.

Best of BATimes: Approaches for Being a Lead BA

You’ve worked your way up the BA ladder – started as a Junior BA, then a BA, then a Sr. BA, and now you’re a Lead BA on a project working with other BAs. What do you do? This article focuses on some of the Do’s and Don’ts of being a Lead BA. Some of it is science and some of it is art.

 

Requirements Governance:

1. Who do you take direction from your PM or your BA Manager:

The first place to start as a Lead BA is establishing your own personal Requirements Governance. Who do you provide status updates to and who do you take direction on requirements from – PM or your BA Manager? The scenarios I’ve encountered are:

  1. You as the Lead BA take your BA requirements direction from the PM and provide status updates to your BA Manager.
  2. You as the Lead BA take your BA requirements directly from your BA Manager and provide status updates to your PM.
  3. The third and most often scenario is where both the PM and your BA Manager are of the opinion that you take requirements direction from them and provide status updates to the other.

Tip: Right at the beginning of the project start the conversation with your BA Manager and clearly establish the relationship you’ll have with him or her and with the PM (in my experience coaching BAs too many Lead BAs don’t have the conversation upfront and then find themselves in a bind when scenario C) above becomes an issue during the project itself). If the answer is taking your requirements direction from them, set up a short meeting with your BA Manager and the PM to establish this relationship as PMs generally don’t like that arrangement, and it’s best to get them to discuss it face to face. If the answer is taking your requirements direction from the PM, then simply follow-up the meeting with a confirmation email to your BA Manager and just let your PM know that you’re effectively going to report to them and take, where appropriate, BA approach direction from them.

 

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2. Establish your role as Lead BA on the BA team:

Make sure it’s clear to the BAs you’ll be leading that you are the Lead BA, and they will work with you in that capacity. A couple of ways to communicate this:

  • Ensure you’re called out on the project governance as the Lead BA and ensure the BAs you’ll be leading review the project governance
  • Where you’re taking your Requirements direction from your BA Manager have them send out an email to the BAs you’ll be leading that you’re the lead and that you’ll be guiding the approach etc. to the Requirements deliverables

 

3. Start by learning about your BAs:

At the beginning you’ll need to establish how experienced the BAs are with eliciting, documenting, and analyzing requirements, how familiar they are with the project subject matter, etc./ by scheduling quick little chats with the BAs you’ll be working with

  1. If you’re dealing with Sr. BAs with lots of experience, then your focus with them will be on making sure things are going smoothly and that they working to the timelines for their requirements work packages; You can give them fairly large and complex requirements work packages
  2. If you’re dealing with more Jr. BAs then you will be in a more guidance/ mentoring mode – periodically reviewing their requirements and providing feedback, mentoring on approach to different types of requirements such as documenting process flows and business rules, etc.; Initially limiting the scope of their work packages to small well-defined pieces of requirements; have little chats with them about how things are going

 

4. Develop a view of the requirements work packages:

Typically, a group of BAs is assigned to a project because the project is complex and there are multiple “groups/ categories” of requirements that need to be created to deliver the scope of the project. At the outset understand the drivers and objectives of the project and establish a view of the requirements work packages. Some examples of this are:

a. Achieving compliance with regulations or another compliance-related purpose:

    1. You may need to look at work packages focused on complying with different sections of the regulations
    2. If the compliance covers multiple departments or Lines of Business (LOB) you may need to focus on requirements for each department/ LOB to comply with the regulations

b. Developing and implementing a large technology system or platform:

      1. You may need to look at requirements work packages focused around different groups of users with the system – for example if it’s a workflow system you likely have work packages for customer-facing components, back-office-facing components, etc.
      2. You may need to look at requirements work packages focused on different functional features. For example, a customer-facing platform for a direct investing platform may consist of trading-related features, viewing account holdings, researching different securities, etc.

 

5. Managing the requirements work packages:

a. Establish a view of the project timelines with respect to the requirements work packages based on their complexity etc. I prefer a matrix like this to do so (using the direct investing platform as an example) based on the requirements lifecycle – plan, elicit, analyze, document, get sign-off (note do this in Excel or Project to track progress, etc.)

Plan Elicit Analyze Document Sign-Off
Trading requirements 01/01/22 to 10/01/22 10/01/22 to 25/01/22 25/01/22 to 02/02/22 02/02/22 to 16/02/22 16/02/22 to 28/02/22
Security Research requirements 01/01/22 to 10/01/22 10/01/22 to 25/01/22 25/01/22 to 02/02/22 02/02/22 to 16/02/22 16/02/22 to 28/02/22
View account holdings requirements 01/01/22 to 10/01/22 10/01/22 to 25/01/22 25/01/22 to 02/02/22 02/02/22 to 16/02/22 16/02/22 to 28/02/22

b. Based on what you learned about the BAs you’re leading assign them to different work packages – and monitor their progress on their work packages against the. I’ve found the best way to keep track of this is using a matrix like this that I update on a weekly basis:

Legend:

P – Plan, E- Elicit, A- Analyze, D- Document, S- Signoff

BA1 BA2 BA3
Trading requirements P – Jan. 1/22
Security Research requirements P – Jan. 1/22
View account holdings requirements P – Jan. 1/22

 

With these 2 matrices, you can keep track of who’s doing what and how they are doing against the target dates so you can provide status reports to the project team as required.

 

6. Monitoring progress and connecting the BAs as a team:

The most effective approach that I’ve found to monitor the progress of my BAs is to hold weekly meetings – with a twist. Most people just do a status check-in during their weekly meetings – how are you progressing against your timelines. I believe that weekly meetings are a good chance for the BAs to inform and help one another. I encourage them to talk about challenges they are having – someone else in the team may have encountered this and have a solution/ approach to tackling it. I encourage them to talk about effective approaches that they’ve found to doing things that may be helpful to other members of the team. Finally, I ask each BA to give a brief overview of the requirements they are working on. As most projects with a BA team have a common goal – by talking about requirements it will quite often identify synergies or conflicts between requirements/ work packages that will help move the project forward more efficiently.

 

Conclusion:

Hopefully, these approaches will help you become a more effective BA Lead. There are lots more approaches and in future articles, I may expand on them.

 

Published on: 2022/01/27

5 Effective Strategies to Address Employee Burnout in an Organization

Gallup’s survey reveals that 76% of employees experience workplace burnout at least sometimes, with 28% reporting feeling burnt out “very often” or “always.”

The statistics mentioned above indicate that numerous employees constantly experience burnout-related issues. This is mainly due to unrealistic deadlines, unclear job expectations, long work hours, etc. It can result in lowered productivity, high turnover, prolonged absenteeism, etc.

However, organizations can implement specific measures that can help minimize or prevent burnout and create a positive work environment. This, in turn, helps improve team performance and the firm’s bottom line.

This blog discusses the signs of employee burnout and how SAVIOM’s resource management solutions can help combat it.

Let’s begin.

Signs of Employee Burnout in an Organization

According to the World Health Organization, employee burnout is a phenomenon resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. Furthermore, it can be characterized by feelings of depletion, exhaustion, negativity, and lowered professional efficacy.

When employees feel burnout, it hampers their performance, affects work quality, and tends to make more mistakes. Therefore, organizations must observe the symptoms and take corrective actions before it becomes a severe issue.

Here are 5 essential signs of employee burnout to watch out for:

  • Increased absenteeism

Employee absenteeism is a common sign of burnout. When resources experience exhaustion, fatigue, etc., they might take more unplanned leaves to alleviate their work stress and cope with burnout. Additionally, they may try to avoid the work environment due to a lack of motivation to perform their respective tasks.

  • Lack of engagement

When employees lose interest in work, struggle to complete their tasks on time, or make frequent mistakes, it becomes a symptom of burnout. Due to the high-stress levels and exhaustion, they can become disengaged from daily tasks or find work monotonous and meaningless.

  • Lowered productivity and performance

When organizations face performance and productivity issues with employees, it shows that resources are experiencing burnout constantly. When they cannot cope with current deadlines, are overwhelmed with work, or feel a loss of purpose, it reflects on their overall work efficiency.

  • Decreased personal health

Employees undergoing persistent work pressure are likely to experience deterioration in physical health. It manifests in symptoms like panic attacks, migraines, chest pain, loss of appetite, etc.

  • Increased workplace conflicts

Symptoms like irritability and sensitivity in employees are a clear indication of burnout. Feeling overwhelmed and exhausted can cause high emotional sensitivity and lead to conflicts between coworkers.

Knowing some of the main symptoms of employee burnout, let’s understand the ways to tackle it in an organization.

Five Ways to Prevent Employee Burnout

If left unaddressed, employee burnout can adversely impact organizational growth and financial stability. Therefore, companies must implement effective strategies to minimize burnout and improve employee engagement.

Listed below are the ways to eliminate burnout.

1. Set realistic deadlines considering employees’ leaves

Before initiating a project, managers must prepare a work breakdown structure (WBS) that includes tasks and sub-tasks. It will enable them to assess the skills, timelines, and number of resources required to complete the project’s activities. This will help managers establish realistic deadlines and deploy resources based on the criticality of tasks.

Additionally, managers must review the resource schedules and consider their leaves before allocating them to ongoing or future projects. This will ensure the projects are happening smoothly and help employees take time off to rejuvenate themselves, thereby minimizing burnout.

 

2. Allocate resources based on skills & availability

Before allocating resources to projects, managers must assess their attributes like skills, capacity, availability, competencies, experience, etc. This will ensure competent resource allocation, preventing under/over-skilled employees from being assigned to specific project tasks.

Moreover, when resources are deployed to projects based on their available capacity, it will prevent under/overallocation and maintain a balanced workload. This will reduce employees’ stress levels and enhance engagement, thereby reducing the risk of burnout and ensuring successful project delivery.

 

3. Monitor resource utilization levels regularly

Managers must constantly track employees’ utilization levels to prevent workload imbalances. When resources are persistently overutilized, it will lead to burnout. This will directly result in productivity and performance issues, reduced deliverable quality, and unplanned attrition.

Identifying over/underutilization in advance will enable managers to take corrective measures to optimize the workloads. Additionally, it will help managers mobilize resources working on non-billable tasks to billable/ strategic activities. This way, organizations can prevent burnout and improve billable utilization rates.

 

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4. Apply appropriate optimization techniques

When resources are allocated to projects or tasks beyond their capacity, it increases stress levels and leads to burnout. Therefore, managers must implement appropriate optimization techniques such as resource leveling and smoothing to ensure that the employees are neither under/overloaded with work.

Managers can implement resource leveling for projects with flexible timelines where they can adjust start and end dates per the employee’s availability and schedule. Contrarily, they can apply resource smoothing for time-sensitive projects through which the work of overloaded resources can be redistributed, or additional employees can be added. This will ensure uniform workload distribution and lower the risk of burnout.

 

5. Build the right mix of contingent & permanent staff

Most organizations struggle to complete projects with the available resources during demand peaks. Hence, they over-allocate their existing employees to meet the project deadlines. However, constantly overloading the staff will affect their productivity, thereby leading to burnout.

Therefore, organizations can hire contingent workforce or outsource the work to global employees to reduce unwanted stress and enable employees to focus better on high-value tasks or projects. Thus, organizations can minimize project resource costs, maintain the workflow, and prevent burnout.

These are some of the best techniques to prevent burnout in an organization. Let’s learn how a resource management tool can help address burnout.

How Does Advanced Resource Management Software Help Overcome Employee Burnout?

A next-gen resource management solution like Saviom, with its advanced capabilities, will help employees work more productively. It enables organizations to optimize their resources and tackle burnout effectively.

The tool’s 360-degree visibility into resource attributes like availability, skills, capacity, etc., helps managers identify and allocate competent resources to projects at the right time and cost. This will help prevent under/over-allocation of skilled resources to projects/tasks.

Moreover, the forecasting and capacity planning features enable managers to foresee and plan for pipeline project demand. Based on that, they can create the right mix of permanent and on-demand resources to meet seasonal fluctuations effectively.

In addition, the system offers real-time reports like forecast vs. actuals, utilization heat maps, availability, etc. These enable managers to forecast and track availability, monitor utilization levels, compare them against actuals, identify variances, and take remedial measures in case of over/underutilization.

Furthermore, the software’s open-seat feature allows employees to choose projects of their interest. Working on projects aligning with their skills will motivate employees, improve engagement, and prevent burnout.

Lastly, the tool’s timesheet feature helps managers to monitor the employee’s leaves and their time spent on various tasks. Based on this, managers can set realistic deadlines to complete the project activities.

Thus, robust resource management software can address employee burnout and boost overall productivity.

 

Conclusion

Resources are the driving force for the success of an organization. Hence, it’s crucial for firms to take care of their employees’ well-being and recognize their efforts. This will motivate them to work harder and achieve better results. Implementing effective strategies and advanced resource management software will enable organizations to prevent burnout and improve the resource health index.

Before You Get Into The Complexity of AI

Before you get into the complexity of AI you should dial in your approach to developing and prioritizing AI use cases. Align AI strategy to the corporate strategy and priority so AI use cases make sense to that organization.

The full value of AI implementations, for an organization, are not realized unless the manager responsible for AI in the organization aligns AI strategy and use cases to the corporate strategy and priority.

There are many examples today of AI implementations that bring value but are not linked to the Corporate Strategy and Priority of that organization. The result is difficulty understanding and measuring the value of the AI use case to that of the organizations goals and priorities.

 

This may come about where a leader hears about a cool AI technology like “Generative AI” and they want that implemented in some fashion in their line of business and then they accomplish this objective.

The lack of AI strategy alignment to corporate strategy and priority  misaligns  the AI use case resulting in AI implementations whose values are hard to assess in the context of the overall organizations KPI’s, its customers, lines of business and more.

Where AI use cases are carefully aligned and planned with the Corporate Strategy and Priority in mind it is easier to assess the value pre-implementation, in the short term and the in the long term. Aligned AI Use Cases may then, in time, become a jumping point for new products and services as the organization gains confidence in the AI space.

 

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An alignment example might be, where the top corporate goal is to “better serve customers”. Drilling into this may mean, to the organization, where the customer interacts with the current corporate website and the portal does not support natural language queries for targeted information retrieval in a self-serve way and customers today bypass  the portal and phone customer service instead, asking for the information wanted.

The impact of this portal deficit to the organization is that they maintain a larger customer service staff, support training, and maintain infrastructure; who are tasked with processing customer information query requests manually.

The possible AI use case that proposes to solve this deficit may be to enhance the current website by implementing an AI powered information retrieval feature that is easy to use and is self-serve.  The AI solutions may be varied but the AI Use Case would be aligned to the corporate priority, would make sense to the organization garnering broad support and would solve a known problem. The AI user case would be measurable  in terms of the current KPI’s used to measure performance.

 

Where the AI Strategy is linked to the Corporate Strategy, management at all levels can assess value and priority prior to any AI use case approval. As well, management would be able to articulate AI use case deliverable expectations, and how these expectations may enhance the existing environment, talk to impacts to the customer or organization, the market, possible effects to product and service offering and, in some cases, impacts to their industry.

Before you get into the complexity of AI, consider your AI strategy and use case approach. Think about linking your AI strategy and use case development to the Corporate Strategy and Priorities of that organization, this will assure alignment, measurable value, and organizational support. I believe this to be the first step to AI success.