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Author: Ananya Pani

I am an entrepreneur, building my brand to be a global name in the Business Analysis domain. My mission is to help business analysts to build a successful professional career. I have helped 2000+ BAs in choosing a better career and help them achieve professional success. I co-founded Adaptive US, a Business analysis skill development organization. I manage sales and operations at Adaptive US. Under my leadership, Adaptive is now established as a world-leader.

5 Trusted Tips to Move Your Business Analyst Career to a C-Suite Role

I am sure you have come across those corner offices, those suave personalities, and aspired to be one like them someday.

Well, these are the C-Suite roles like CEO, CDO, CIO, CFO, CTO, COO, etc.

The top executives of the company are its C-suite members. C-suite is a term used to refer to the C-level (senior executive) positions in a company, notably those that begin with the word ‘Chief’.

These are strategic roles in the organization that sets the path, strategy, and often the directions which are being executed by the middle management and the others in the hierarchy. The c-suite is deemed the most important and influential group of individuals and hence the most admired designations. They are the ones who almost always are the highest paid in the organization, ones who yield the maximum amount of authority along with the major responsibilities.

But as they say, “With great power comes great responsibilities”, and so notably the C-suite professionals have the largest portion of responsibility in the organization.

Every professional’s aim is to reach the top echelon of the organization. As a BA if you are good at your work, are creative and innovative, complemented by having a proactive nature, you can take your business analyst career path as far as you would like, progressing through management levels to the topmost level, inhibited only by your expertise, talents, and desires.

Business Analysts are the bridge between the different departments of a company. They are in high demand in every area of business, from finance to IT to corporate management. In today’s multifaceted world, business analysts bring the business needs together with IT resources. BAs are in essence the conduit between business problems and solutions. They, therefore, understand the various areas of the business very well.

Typically, in an organization, the CEO develops the vision and the Business Analyst does the research and groundwork to make that vision more clearly understood. Richie Bello, CEO of White Dove Bird, explains. “In terms of vision, a CEO is the developer while a business analyst is the researcher.” Hence, a BA is already aware of what it entails to be a CEO, they just need to gain the experience, skillset, and knowledge to don the hat of a C-suite level professional.

Business analysts who aspire to the topmost leadership positions and who are looking to expand their career horizons need to be multidimensional professionals with broad business, IT, and leadership skills. They must seek out and create their own opportunities beyond their comfort zones, hone their existing skillsets, and acquire new knowledge and skillsets required for the coveted role.

In this blog, we discuss some broad guidelines which a BA can follow to take their career to the top level.

Business analysts should broaden their cross-functional experience.

According to Andy Salunga from Forrester Research, “Business analysts looking to expand their career horizons must seek challenges outside of their functional heritage.”

For a BA to grow into a C-suite role, they need to deepen their functional expertise and broaden their knowledge of the various departments and domains of an organization. A business analyst already possesses cross-functional knowledge and by honing up these they will be better placed for taking on broader responsibilities.

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Business analysts should increase technological knowledge & skills and become familiar with process & IT management methodologies.

A business analyst, to move forward on their career path, requires a higher degree of technological fluency. Executives who neglect their technical skills might be passed over. In a fast-changing global economy, dated technical skills can hamper resource-allocation and strategic decisions.

Therefore, it’s important to learn tools for business process charting, modeling to draw the current and the future vision of the process. Tools like MS Visio, Lucid Chart, BizAgi Business process modeler, etc., come in handy here.

A BA should seek to understand and utilize methodologies like Lean Six Sigma, CMMI, ITIL, etc., to improve processes and enable broad-scale business innovation and to improve IT performance and align IT with the business.

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Business analysts should nurture and strengthen their behavioral skills.

Every BA should have a unique blend of interpersonal skills, but some behavioral skills are worth their value in gold as one climbs up the ladder in their career. A few notable amongst those are

  • Problem-solving Skill
  • Decision Making Skill
  • Creative & Innovative Thinking
  • Analytical thinking Skill
  • Team Building Skill
  • Presentation Skill
  • Questioning Skill
  • Communication Skill
  • Listening Skill
  • Negotiation Skill
  • Conflict Resolution Skill
  • Facilitation Skill

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While vying for the top jobs in an organization, it is imperative to be good at building relationships with people across departments to be effective. BAs must hone their organizational change management skills, conflict resolution skills, leadership skills, and other interpersonal skills as they envisage leading ever-changing teams and initiatives while climbing up the corporate ladder. 


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Certification & Training, a sure-shot way of ‘Moving Up the Ladder’

Most successful people, I have spoken to and even read about agree that a continuous thirst for knowledge is one of the key elements in building a growing, and thriving career. Certifications not only increase the professional value of a person but also enhances the skills by making one learn new things beyond their job.

Certification tells your organization, future employers, and your professional peers that you’re well-qualified and that you take your career seriously. Simply put, certifications can be considered as a ‘stamp of excellence’.

One of the most important reasons to get certified is that it helps you stay ahead of the competition. If you truly want to succeed in your career, you need to stay current in all the technologies and regulations that affect your profession.

For a business analyst, there are a number of industry-recognized certificates that they can acquire. Business analysis certification is a specialized education that works as a credential for a business analyst professional. Several specialized certifications can be pursued as you go ahead in your career.

Read about all the different BA certifications available in the market in this blog – Business Analysis Certifications

The certification space for the BA community has been dominated by IIBA. IIBA has been promoting the business analysis profession and certification for more than a decade now with its certifications ECBA (entry-level), CCBA (intermediate level), CBAP (Advanced level) and specialized certifications like AAC (Agile Analysis Certification), CBDA (Certification in Business Data Analytics) and CCA (Certification in Cybersecurity Analysis), each requiring a different level of experience.

As the C-suite role is the most experienced position in the organization, for a BA, it would be highly desirable if they have the CBAP certification along with specialized certifications like CBDA and AAC under their belt.

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CBAP

CBAP is essentially is meant for senior business analysts and is the most coveted BA certification in the world. CBAP certification has proven results in terms of salary benefits, career growth, and opening up new opportunities in the global markets. CBAP exam has case study and scenario based questions based on Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABoK).

IIBA-AAC

IIBA Agile Analysis Certification recognizes the competencies of BA professionals and is ideal for Agile BAs, BA Consultants, Trainers, Project Managers, Testers, etc. The IIBA-AAC exam is closely aligned to the Agile Extension to the BABOK® Guide, version 2 and tests one’s ability to answer questions focused on real-world scenarios.

IIBA-CBDA

CBDA recognizes a BA Practitioner’s ability to effectively execute analysis related work in support of business analytics initiatives and is an indication of one’s commitment, passion, and competency in performing business analysis on analytics initiatives.

Business analysts should hone & develop Leadership Skills

Leadership is all about motivating others to dream higher, do things, and act in ways that are conducive to achieving goals.
In any business, leadership skills are one of the most prized assets that an employee can possess, and when it comes to positions at the C-level, they’re considered an absolute essential.

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For BAs, leadership skills are not an unknown territory. They generally use leadership when facilitating discussions, guiding teams through ambiguous situations, articulating and inspiring a clear vision of the desired future state, encouraging stakeholders to think in new ways, and collaborating with stakeholders to work toward common goals. Given this, it should be easier for BAs to hone up their leadership skills.

Business analysts can hone their leadership skills through the following activities:

  1. Taking initiative
  2. Being decisive
  3. Guiding others in their tasks
  4. Setting clear directions and goals
  5. Influencing others
  6. Being an example for others to emulate
  7. Continuously learning from others & situations
  8. Listening actively & Communicating clearly
  9. Having empathy & positivity
  10. Resolving conflicts

At the C-level, knowing the organization’s goal and where to reach is only a small part of the equation – knowing how to get others to follow you there is the harder and more important part. And in this leadership skills of the professional makes a lot of difference.

In short, the skills needed by a business analyst to step-up to the C-level of a company cover a wide range of subjects, from working with and leading others to know oneself and striving to expand skills and knowledge at every career phase.

A business analyst is a generalist who is proficient in functioning completely in different positions. The future of business analyst is prosperous in the global market. Following the steps mentioned above, you can reach as high as your aspirations and diligence takes you. Following a well thought out road map will be a lucrative and rewarding move.

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As a business analyst aspiring to reach the top-tier of the organization, you should prepare a road-map and follow it diligently. Mastering business analysis skills, to have the business acumen necessary to ascend to the top, along with following and honing the aforementioned steps & skills will definitely aid in climbing the ranks and become a prized executive.

You can learn more about earning your Certified Business Analysis Professional certification with Adaptive US today by following this link here – https://www.adaptiveus.com/cbap-certification-training You can find a large library of information there as well that will help guide you in deciding whether or not to take the next steps.

Non-functional Requirements – Why do we need them?

Non-functional requirements, what comes to our mind when we talk about NFR (Non-functional requirements)?

What do you put down in non-functional requirements when you are documenting requirements in your project?

When we say non-functional we typically mean those requirements that are not related to functionality of the system, then what exactly are these and why do we need them.

Now imagine a system where it publishes results for 10 graders school certification examination in a country like India, and the kind of load it will have when the results are declared.

So what all requirements do we have to consider for this system apart from functionality, it surely has to have high performance requirement to handle the load as well as good security/authentication system in place.

This is the kind of requirements which is generally referred as Non-functional requirements, the requirements which are important for the user community or for smooth functioning of the system like usability, reliability etc.

The non-functional requirements should always be described in clear terms like the system should be able to handle 0.1 million users simultaneously and the response time has to be less than 2 seconds for each user.


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Here is a good list of common non-functional requirements:

NFR Category

Non-functional Requirements

Short explanation

Applicable to situation

Can be tested by

Constraint

Price

Target price for the solution

Most

Checklist

Constraint

Resource constraints

Constraints imposed on development such as constraints imposed due to small screen size of mobile devices.

Most

Checklist

Compliance

Compliance

Regulatory compliance.

Health care (HIPAA, FDA)

Integration testing across systems

Compliance

Documentation

Documentation requirements.

Health care, Aviation, Automotive

Test cases for color blindness

Compliance

Legal and licensing issues or patent-infringement-avoidability

Adhering to compliance requirements.

Most

Test cases verification of record data update

Maintainability

Analyzability

Ability to investigate a failure

Most

Backup recovery test

Maintainability

Changeability

Ability to change one component without affecting others, and without causing unexpected failures

Most

Review the application code

Maintainability

Deployment

Ease with which an application can be deployed and upgraded.

Most

Review the application code

Maintainability

Escrow

Source code of an application is kept securely and available to buyer under certain conditions

Purchased an out-sourced product

Checklist

Maintainability

Extensibility / Modifiability

Ability to extend the product easily

Most

Consumer feedback

Maintainability

Supportability

Ability to support applications for specific period, locations etc.

Most

Checklist

Maintainability

Testability

Ease of test automation

Most

Checklist

Performance

Performance / response time (performance engineering)

Time taken to respond to a user request.

Most

Checklist

Performance

Resource utilization

% of available capacity used

Most

Checklist

Performance

Scalability

Ability to support specified number of users / transactions

Systems supporting large number of users

Review the application code

Portability

Interoperability

Ability to work with existing systems.

Most

Review the application code

Portability

Platform compatibility

Ability to work with stated platforms.

Most

Review the application code

Portability

Replaceability

 

Most

Review the application code

Reliability

Availability

% of time the system is available.

Critical systems

Latency testing

Reliability

Backup

Frequency at which data must be backed-up.

Universal

Test on desired platforms

Reliability

Disaster recovery

Time taken to restore the application after a disaster.

Most

Multiple browser test

Reliability

Failure management (Fault tolerance)

Ability to manage failures.

Most

Checklist

Reliability

Quality (e.g. faults discovered, faults delivered, fault removal efficacy)

Target defect density

Mission critical applications

Code and design Review

Reliability

Recovery / recoverability (e.g. mean time to recovery – MTTR)

Ability to recover quickly

Mission critical applications

Review the application code

Reliability

Reliability (e.g. mean time between failures – MTBF)

Ability to provide service when needed

Mission critical applications

Review the application code

Reliability

Replaceability

Ability to replace a faulty part on the fly

Mission critical applications

Review the application code

Reliability

Resilience

Ability to withstand attacks

Mission critical applications

Checklist

Reliability

Robustness

Ability to operate continuously even under adverse conditions.

Most

Simulation of internet attack
If hardware is present, heat cycle testing

Reliability

Stability

 

Most

Checklist

Security

Audit and control aka Accountability

To track changes made to data.

Finance, Health care

Review the application code

Security

Authenticity

 

Most

Review the application code

Security

Confidentiality

Protect data from being exposed to unauthorized users

Most

Review the application code

Security

Integrity

Maintaining correctness of data

Most

Penetration test

Security

Privacy

Ability to keep personal data secure.

Health care

Penetration test

Usability

Accessibility

Application being usable by persons with special needs such as color blindness.

Government

Review the application code

Usability

Ease of use

Limit number of clicks to maximum 3 clicks to complete any transaction

Most

Review the application code

Usability

Emotional factors (like fun or absorbing)

Making application likable by a certain audience.

Education

Checklist

Usability

Internationalization

Ability to operate the application in different countries such as handling multiple time zone, currency, languages etc.

Most

Review the application code

Usability

Learnability

Different user groups should be able to use the product with or without training

Most

Review the application code

Usability

Safety

Ensure safe usage of the product and prevent damages caused by the application. For example, safety features for a navigation system.

Where there are dangers to human life. Aviation, Automotive, Health care etc..

Key board control test

 

Certification

Certification on a particular technology such as certified on Azure.

Most

Untrained user test

 

Localization

Ability to satisfy needs of a particular country or domain (say petroleum industry)

Most

Review the application code

 

Re-usability

Ability to re-use existing components and create new re-usable components

Most

Review the application code

Portability

Installability

Ability to install or un-install easily

Most

Review the application code

Whereas some of the common functional requirements include:

  • Business Rules, logic, Validation
  • Calculations/formulae
  • Error message/handling
  • Transaction corrections, adjustments and cancellations
  • Admin functions/access, super user access
  • Authentication
  • Authorization levels
  • Audit log of transactions
  • External Interfaces
  • Reporting Requirements
  • Legal/Regulatory/Compliance Requirements

The non-functional requirements should always be described in clear terms like the system should be able to handle 0.1 million users simultaneously and the response time has to be less than 2 seconds for each user.

Advantages

  • Makes the system user friendly/easy to use and acceptable
  • Absence of them makes it lot more difficult to use for users and sometimes system may get abandoned due to the absence of these features

Disadvantages

  • Gets missed out often in requirements gathering exercise
  • Difficult to articulate or define quantitatively

Chicken or Egg: Certification or Experience, the never ending dilemma

I want to pursue a career in the Business Analysis field. I am very excited about it, and keen to pursue further. But, I am in a different role and I don’t have prior experience in BA field.

How do I switch over to BA role? All the BA jobs require prior experience. How do I make the transition? Will any certification help me for the transition? How do I solve this? All the certifications have prior experience eligibility criteria. I am in a fix–what should I do to make my dream true? Can any one help?”

Does this sound like you?

Being in the industry for so many years, I come across this issue very often.

Business Analysis has been an upcoming promising field and has gained high popularity owing to its techno functional nature, where functional/domain knowledge plays a large amount of role and a high level knowledge of technology is a great booster to the skills.

But lot of times people come across this problem stated above in order to get into the BA field even though they may have good amount of industry experience and knowledge.

They do not have the relevant exp in the BA Domain to take up CCBA/CBAP Certification by IIBA while they want to move to a BA career and get certified in BA domain.

Couple of suggestions/points to follow if you are also in this situation:

  1. IIBA has now come up with ECBA, a beautiful certification scheme spotting the need of the hour and catering to the aspirations for many.
    • ECBA as some of you may know stands for Entry Certificate in Business Analysis , and as the name suggests caters to those professionals who would be making an entry or begin their career in BA domain.
    • It could also mean changing domain from a different field to the BA field. The good part is it doesn’t require any experience in BA domain to take this certification, and focuses on those knowledge areas of Business Analysis domain which are going to be of use for the beginners like Requirements Analysis,
      Requirements Life Cycle Management, Elicitation and Collaboration.
    • ECBA certification from IIBA is recommended for aspiring and new Business analysts. This not only gives you a rock solid foundation for getting into the BA profession also helps you with a global certification. ECBA has the backing of market recognition of IIBA hence the job opportunities it would bring in due to acceptance in the corporate segment. ECBA is framed rightly to suit the needs of an entry level Business analyst focusing on requirements analysis, modeling and requirements life cycle management with good amount of emphasis on modeling concepts and tools.
    • We have helped 100+ professionals in getting ECBA certified and giving better prospects to their career. See the ECBA certified list by Adaptive – Some feedback here
    • Please read through a detailed blog on how to get certified with ECBA.
  2. Take up CPRE FL certification from IREB.
    Foundation level comprises basic knowledge of eliciting, analyzing, specifying, documenting, validating and managing requirements.
    A person with a CPRE FL certificate:
    • Is familiar with the terminology of requirements engineering/business analysis and requirements management.
    • Understands the basic techniques and methods of requirements engineering and their application.
    • Is familiar with the most established notations for requirements.
    • cing on the cake is CPRE-FL certification does not have any eligibility criteria in terms of experience hence you can go for the certification in the beginning of your career as well.
    • IREB is gaining popularity in a very fast pace globally among the BA community.
      As of beginning 2018 , there are 37,000+ IREB certified professionals globally.
      However given the market recognition and popularity ECBA from IIBA is preferred owing to its has higher global acceptance.
  3. If you are keen on getting certified from IIBA then consider taking a BA training session and acquiring the IIBA prescribed BA skills.
    Post training you can go in for a full-fledged BA career using your background, domain and experience. Once you acquire the required 2.5 Years of relevant BA experience you can comfortably go for CCBA certification. Please weigh these options looking at all pros and cons and then take an appropriate decision on the same.

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Another frequent question that I come across:

I am a testing/QA professional and doing some part of BA work, I would like to move into a full-fledged Business analysis career, can you help me with this?”

I am a software developer but not keen on continuing further. I don’t like coding going further, doesn’t seem exciting to me I am inclined to a Business Analysis career. I am very excited about it, and keen to pursue further. Can you help me on how to make a transition to BA career, how can I get into a BA role.

Some amount of career development planning makes the transition smooth from QA or developer or any other domain to a Business Analyst role:

  1. Get involved in the requirements gathering process proactively
  2. Take proactive measures to talk to stakeholders/users
  3. Show interest, gather knowledge and be proactive to be part of the requirements gathering and documentation process
  4. Learn the modeling tools (diagramming tools) and Requirement management tools
  5. Try to learn the business terms, business process, look for any business (domain) terms repository available in your project or with client/on the web
  6. Try to understand the existing system and the new proposed system, overall objective of the project and the big picture
  7. Learn industry or domain process framework/best practices using APQC Framework
  8. Take lead in any defect resolution/analysis with users during the deployment process.
  9. Get involved in the user /implementation training
  10. Most important start thinking more like a business user (business mode of thinking) and stop thinking like a developer or a tester(solution mode of thinking)
  11. Take lead/active part in any process/requirement changes in the project/account.
  12. Follow some great leaders in the industry that you are in.
  13. Join Professional groups on Business Analysis and try to follow the discussions, Participate in forums and conferences which can help you enhance your career in the new field
  14. Added to this IIBA has now come up with ECBA, a beautiful certification scheme spotting the need of the hour and catering to the aspirations for many.
  15. After all, make learning your objective for everyday

With all these steps I definitely can assure you that you will see yourself in a promising and bright career.

All the best on your career, don’t forget to share your success story to me and with others in the network.

Always remember to extend help to someone who is in need of some career guidance and help.

Top 10 IT Skills for a BA – grab them today!

If you are reading this, you are already a business analyst or aspiring to become one soon.

As most business analysts work along with software delivery teams, you may feel that not knowing programming languages will stop you from becoming a business analyst. So, do we need to learn software coding or designing applications?

Not really and that’s good news. Let us understand who a business analyst is.

Business analyst is someone who analyzes, designs organizational systems, assessing the business model and its integration with technology to achieve a certain objective.

Hence business analyst should not be technology illiterate, but at the same time they are not expected to be an expert in any programming language as such.

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That’s indeed great news

However, as business analysts we need to be comfortable in certain software tools. Let us understand the top 10 software concepts and tools for business analysts.


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  1. Software Engineering Methodologies like SDLC e.g. Waterfall, Iterative (Agile/Scrum)
    We should be aware of the concepts related to methodologies like waterfall and iterative. Business analysis approaches differ as per SDLCs followed and being knowledgeable on SDLCs helps us to plan our activities better.
  2. High Level Technology like Data base structure, OOP
    As business analysts, we need to have some flair for technology like OOPS, Data base concepts. A good understanding of data base concepts is a great skill for all business analysts.
  3. Reporting Tools
    Another great area of interest for Business Analyst is Reporting tools, BI and reporting mechanisms etc.
  4. UML Modeling Tools
    Modeling tools are something like a paint brush for an artist; we are going to color our canvas with this skill. So get ourself conversant with this tool today if you have not. The popular ones in use in industry are Rational Rose, Star UML (Free software) and Enterprise Architect.
  5. BPM Tools
    BPM Tools like MS Visio and BizAgi (free software) are great tools to depict the process map in visual manner. Visual representations are great ways to communicate the process flow. The beauty of this is it makes the whole process comprehendible in few mins by having a quick look at the process flow diagram.
  6. Testing Tools
    Testing tools are ultimately going to be the one which is going to make or break the release of the system/application. Business analysts are testers on behalf of the most stakeholders and sponsor for the application to see the light of the day.
  7. Requirements Management Tools
    As business analysts, we are going to be owner of the requirements of the applications/projects that we are part of. Few popular requirements management tool in the market are OSRMT – Open source Requirements management tool, DOORS, Rational Requisite pro.
  8. Mind map
    As business analysts, we are expected to explore details about a particular situation or solution. Mind map is a very helpful technique to elaborate any concept.
  9. Prototyping tools
    Prototypes are great ways to evaluate and collect feedback on requirements and features.
    Prototyping tools such as Pencil, iRise, SmartDraw are few popular prototyping tools. Of which Pencil is a free plugin where as iRise and SmartDraw are licensed products.
  10. MS Office
    Last but not the least, it may sound very generic, however as business analyst s at any point of time we will have to be fairly proficient on the MS office tools like MS Excel, MS Word, and MS PowerPoint. These office tools are going to be handy for all our life, hence definitely worth to invest some good time in these tools.

Keeping one abreast of upcoming technologies, trends and practices in the area of interest or domain is going to keep one in demand.

You can get access to the best of the industry toolkit and templates for business analysis and requirements engineering here.

These templates and tool kits have been designed by experts based on hundreds of years of industry experience in this domain.

Transitioning career from a QA to Business Analyst

QA/Quality Assurance as we most professionals know is that profession where one is responsible for the product/project quality.

They are the ones who are supposed to test the system/application, make all the best attempts to capture as many defects as possible so that the system behaves in the desired/expected way in the intended environment.

As part of this, QA needs to first understand the functionalities of the system; this requires an understanding of the requirements well.

While performing this QA gets better with requirements/domain knowledge day by day, which they can use to their advantage. This acquired knowledge eventually gives them a mileage in being a part of their plan for a career transition to Business Analysis profession.

While trying to test the application in all possible ways to take out the most of defects, they go through the requirements minutely, examine it carefully and over time get better with how best requirements can be written or documented.

What is a good practice in writing requirements, how to present information, what kind of words to use and what not to use in the requirements, what’s the best way to present a flow in an unambiguous way these are certain aspects they come across and ace over time.

While testing the application from various roles/permissions they know what user expects from the application, be it how the UI should be designed or how should a report look like.

Knowing the requirements, functional aspects and the user expectation well they naturally develop and acquire qualities needed to be a good Business Analyst.


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Some amount of career development planning makes the transition smooth to a Business Analyst role:

  1. Get involved in the requirements gathering process proactively
  2. Show interest, gather knowledge and be proactive to be part of the requirements gathering and documentation process
  3. Try to learn the business terms, business process, look for any business (domain) terms repository available in your project or with client/on the web
  4. Get involved in the user /implementation training
  5. Take the lead in any defect resolution/analysis with users during the deployment process.
  6. Take the lead/active part in any process/requirement changes in the project/account.
  7. Learn the modeling tools (diagramming tools) and Requirement management tools
  8. Make an effort to know the domain and industry better.
  9. Follow some great leaders in the industry that you are in.
  10.  After all, make learning your objective for everyday